I Speak…

Anyone who is looking to make a public speech would be well advised to do their research. Since the very beginnings of humanity, there have been those people with a special talent—a talent that allows them to speak in such a way that others listen en masse. This week, I thought we would look at some of the greatest speeches of all time—and the speakers who gave them.

Blood, Sweat, and Tears –  Prime Minister Winston Churchill

In the middle of the largest war in history, for his first speech to the House of Commons as Britain’s Prime Minister on May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill proved that England was in more capable hands. He wasted no time in calling the people to arms as he echoed Theodore Roosevelt’s famous phrase of “blood, sweat, and tears.”

Duties of American Citizenship –  President Theodore Roosevelt

A speech given by Theodore Roosevelt in Buffalo, New York on January 26, 1883 discussed the theoretical reasons why every citizen must be involved in politics and the practicality of serving in that capacity. People must not excuse themselves from politics just because they are too busy and then blame the government for its ineptitude.

Inauguration Address –  President John F. Kennedy

There has never been anything more gripping than this speech delivered by one very young, ambitious and popular president called John F. Kennedy. After a lengthy campaign, and after edging Vice-President (and future President) Nixon out of the way, Kennedy became the 35th president of the United States. He embodied the fresh optimism of a nation that had just risen out of decades of war. As the citizens listened to his inaugural speech, they felt that the nation was headed towards a new frontier.

Duty, Honor, Country – General Douglas MacArthur

General Douglas MacArthur was the world famous commander of Allied Forces in the Pacific Theatre during World War II. His chivalry, his experience in the battlefield, and his selfless sacrifice were all done for the sake of “Duty, Honor, Country.” This 1962 speech was given while accepting the Sylvanus Thayer Award for outstanding service to the nation. His address was intended for the soldiers who would tread the same course he did, reminding them of their purpose in becoming soldiers.

I Have a Dream – Dr. Martin Luther King. Jr.

This was a very special speech given by Martin Luther King, Jr. on August 28, 1963 in Washington, DC. A century after the Gettysburg Address and the Emancipation Proclamation, the promise of full equality was not yet fulfilled. Black Americans still experienced racial discrimination, but amidst all this, the voice of Dr. King sent out a message of hope.

Sermon on the Mount – Jesus Christ

Given by Jesus Christ in 33 AD, people often consider the Sermon on the Mount to be one of the most influential speeches ever given. In fact, one would be hard pressed to find a more quoted, discussed, or revered piece of oration in all of history.

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I Speak…

sleepAre you failing to keep your audience interested when you speak? Are you scratching your head and wondering why you are losing them halfway through? These are my tips to help you keep your audience engaged, interested and interactive.

Don’t Become Boring

This is crucial. The most effective way of keeping your audience’s attention is not to go on for too long. Some of the worst experiences speakers have related derived from their staying on stage too long and having their audiences leave before the end. Don’t fall into this trap—your family might like you to talk through dinner—but paying audiences don’t.

What Is Your Audience Looking For?

You may think this is pretty obvious and that you’d never make this mistake. But I see many otherwise intelligent people talk about what they’re interested in rather than what the audience is interested in.

If you’re speaking at a conference, people come to your session because of the synopsis – that’s what they’re interested in. Don’t change it just because it suits you. Many years ago, I saw one the most successful professional speakers make this same mistake. His session was advertised as being about mail marketing. But he had become interesting in the art of telesales. When he asked how many people in the audience had any interest in the subject, about five people out of three hundred put their hands up. You’d think he’d take the hint, but he continued to keep telling us all about the fine art of telesales. Don’t make the same mistake—keep to what the audience wants.

Start with a Reason to Listen

Before each of the presentations skills courses we run, you may want to ask each attendee to fill in an online questionnaire. The most critical question is to ask them if they are interested in the subject you are going to talk about.

If your audience doesn’t have an obvious reason to be interested, tell them why they should bother listening to you talking about this subject. This can be very challenging. I’ve had email discussions with a number of readers who present on topics such as health and safety issues or environmental regulations. The audience has to be there, but they have no intrinsic interest in the topic. The solution is to tell them why they should care. And if you can’t find a reason why they should listen – don’t give the presentation.

Make Change—Make Happy

We notice change. You notice the hum of the drier when it comes on and when it goes off – but not in between. You can use this natural human propensity to retrieve your audience’s attention. Don’t be afraid to change the pace of your presentation, bring video into the conversation or stimulate your audience with a question or two.

Tell Stories

Every presentation expert extolls the power of stories, from Dr. Robert H. Schuller to Steve Harrison. There’s evidence that people are hard-wired to listen to stories. The moment a story starts, your audience will perk up. Your stories should, of course, reinforce the point you’re making. Take a look at your presentation from the point of view of stories. Are they spread throughout your presentation – or bunched together? Spread them out for best effect.

Take a Break

Build in frequent breaks, but if you see people starting to flag in their attention, suggest a quick break for 1-2 minutes where people can refresh their drinks and have a walk around. Moving is the most effective way of reviving people at risk of dozing off. Seriously. You will have them back in better shape than they were before they left.

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I Speak…

fear11Public speaking can be stressful. When we look at a TV screen or sit in an auditorium to listen a speech, we can pick out a great speaker straight away. Look at how at ease Reverend Robert H. Schuller was in front of his audience. How does he manage to be so in control? Experience. I, personally, believe people over-complicate what they have to do when they stand up to speak publicly. I decided that I would put together four thoughts that I have when I’m planning to speak in public. Let’s check them out…

The Time & The Season

The occasion for the speech can go a long way in helping you determine the topic. Your speech topic will vary depending on whether the occasion is celebratory, just plain fun, solemn, or professional. Here are a few ways that the occasion can help influence your speech topic.

If the occasion is solemn, such as a funeral or memorial service, then your topic should be serious and relevant to the occasion.

If the occasion is fun, such as a toast at a bachelor party, then it’s time to bring out the fun anecdotes and stories and to make people laugh — not to share your passion for coin collecting.

If the occasion is celebratory, like a wedding, then you need to provide some light-hearted humor as well as some serious and sentimental points.

If the occasion is professional, then you need to stick to a professional topic, such as website design, and not focus on your personal experiences.

Know Your Purpose

Your purpose is related to the occasion and is the goal you want to achieve through your speech. Your purpose can be to inform, persuade, or just to entertain your audience. A speech can have a variety of purposes, but it’s important to be acquainted with the most common purposes.

To inform your audience, you’ll need to provide relevant facts and details about a subject that reveals information allowing your audience to see a complicated subject in a more ordinary light, or to learn about a completely foreign subject.

To persuade your audience, you’ll need to use rhetorical techniques, metaphors, and convincing evidence from experts to show them that they should do something, whether it’s to elect you for office, recycle more, or take the time to volunteer in their communities.

To entertain your audience, you’ll need to draw on personal or anecdotal material, tell a few funny stories, show off your great sense of humor, and make your audience laugh, even if you’re communicating an underlying serious message.

Know Your Audience

Consider your audience. If you want to connect to your audience, then you should consider their knowledge before you select a topic. If you’re giving a speech to a group of aspiring writers, then you can comfortably reference other writers and literary terms; if you’re speaking to a group that knows very little about writing, be careful when you make more obscure literary references.

If you’re speaking to a group that has expertise in a subject, then you won’t have to waste their time by discussing the most basic aspects of that topic. You can jump right into the nitty-gritty.

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